Tham khảo Shamsin

  1. ↑ General Census of Population and Housing 2004. Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Homs Governorate. (tiếng Ả Rập)
  2. ↑ Smith, 1841, p. 173.
  3. ↑ le Strange, 1890, p. 535.
  4. ↑ le Strange, 1890, p. 42.
  5. ↑ Baedeker, 1876, p. 556.
  6. ↑ Draper, 1854, p. 681.